The History of LASIK: When It Was Invented and Its Evolution

LASIK surgery became a commercially available and FDA-approved procedure in the late 1990s. Its development stems from earlier refractive surgeries like radial keratotomy (RK). The foundational excimer laser technology was pioneered in the 1980s, leading to the development of Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK). LASIK itself, which involves creating a corneal flap before laser reshaping, was introduced in the early 1990s. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first excimer laser for LASIK in 1995, with broader approval for widespread use coming in 1999. This approval marked the beginning of LASIK as a mainstream vision correction option, revolutionizing ophthalmology by offering a relatively quick procedure with rapid visual recovery compared to its predecessors.

The cost of LASIK in 1999 varied significantly, but industry standards at the time typically placed the average price per eye between $1,500 and $2,500. This meant a total procedure cost often ranging from $3,000 to $5,000. These figures were generally higher than today's prices when adjusted for inflation, as the technology was relatively new and fewer providers were available. The fee usually covered the pre-operative consultation, the surgery itself, and initial post-operative care. It is crucial to note that pricing was and remains highly dependent on geographic location, the surgeon's experience, the specific technology used, and the complexity of the patient's prescription. Patients were advised to ensure quotes included all necessary follow-ups.

LASIK remains a widely performed vision correction procedure, but its relative popularity has plateaued in some markets due to several converging factors. The rise of advanced surface procedures like PRK and SMILE offers alternatives with different safety profiles, appealing to those with thinner corneas. Additionally, the growing consumer adoption of non-surgical options, such as orthokeratology (overnight lenses) and improved daily disposable contact lenses, provides reversible vision management. Public perception is also influenced by rare but highly publicized complications, leading to more cautious consideration. Finally, the upfront cost remains a significant barrier for many, despite its long-term value, especially when compared to ongoing expenses for glasses or contacts. The market has matured, with patients now expecting a range of customized options rather than a one-size-fits-all solution.

Yes, LASIK was a well-established and widely performed vision correction procedure by the year 2000. The foundational technology was approved by the U.S. FDA in the late 1990s, and the procedure rapidly gained popularity throughout the early 2000s as the standard of care for treating common refractive errors like nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. While the core concept of creating a corneal flap and applying an excimer laser has remained, the technology has seen significant advancements in precision and safety since then. For a detailed look at the latest generation of this technology, which uses only lasers and no blades, you can read our internal article, All-Laser LASIK.

The inventor of LASIK, Dr. Gholam Peyman, who patented the foundational excimer laser procedure in 1988, has expressed nuanced reflections rather than outright regret. He has publicly stated that while the technology has successfully improved vision for millions, he is concerned about its application in certain commercial contexts where aggressive marketing may downplay risks or target unsuitable candidates. His position underscores a critical industry standard: the necessity of rigorous, transparent patient screening and conservative surgical judgment. The core technology itself remains a monumental advancement in ophthalmology. The professional takeaway is that any medical innovation demands responsible implementation, with patient safety and realistic expectations always taking precedence over commercial interests.

The inventor of LASIK eye surgery is Dr. Gholam A. Peyman, a man, who patented the fundamental method in 1989. However, the critical contribution of a woman, Dr. Ioannis Pallikaris, is often central to the story. While Dr. Pallikaris is male, the name can cause confusion. The development of modern refractive surgery involved many key female scientists and surgeons. For instance, Dr. Marguerite B. McDonald was a pioneering figure in the early clinical use of the excimer laser for PRK, a direct precursor to LASIK. The procedure's evolution was a collaborative, international effort. Today, numerous women are leading ophthalmologists and refractive surgeons, contributing significantly to advancements in laser vision correction technology and patient care standards.

No, the inventor of LASIK did not get the procedure himself. Dr. Gholam A. Peyman, who patented the fundamental method for LASIK in 1989, never underwent the surgery. This is a common point of discussion in refractive surgery circles. It is important to understand that a surgeon's personal choice regarding a procedure is influenced by many individual factors, including their specific prescription, corneal health, and personal risk assessment. An inventor's decision not to use their own technology does not inherently reflect on its safety or efficacy. LASIK is a well-established procedure with a strong safety profile, but it is not suitable for everyone. A comprehensive consultation with a qualified ophthalmologist is essential to determine personal candidacy based on current clinical standards and the patient's unique ocular anatomy.